📜 What Is a Special Warranty Deed in Real Estate?

A special warranty deed—also called a limited warranty deed—is a legal instrument that transfers property ownership while providing title guarantees only for the period during which the seller owned the property.

How a Special Warranty Deed Works

The seller (grantor) promises that they have not done anything to impair the property’s title during their ownership. However, the deed offers no protection against defects or claims that may have existed before they acquired the property. Because of this limited protection, special warranty deeds are common in commercial transactions or transfers from builders, estates, or banks.

Key Features of a Special Warranty Deed

  • Guarantees a clear title only during the seller’s ownership.
  • Does not protect the buyer from earlier title defects.
  • Often used in foreclosures, estate sales, or corporate transactions.
  • Usually accompanied by title insurance to reduce buyer risk.

Special Warranty vs. General Warranty and Quitclaim Deeds

General Warranty Deed: Offers full title protection for the entire ownership history of the property.

Special Warranty Deed: Limits protection to the seller’s period of ownership only.

Quitclaim Deed: Provides no guarantees at all—simply transfers any interest the seller may have.