📐 What Is a Land Survey in Real Estate?

A land survey is a professional measurement of a property’s boundaries, features, and improvements. Land surveys confirm where property lines are located, identify easements, reveal encroachments, and support construction, permitting, and real estate transactions.

How a Land Survey Works

A licensed surveyor examines deeds, plats, subdivision maps, easements, and public records. They then measure the property using GPS, total stations, or traditional equipment. The final survey map shows accurate boundaries, structures, topography, and legal constraints.

Most land surveys include:

  • Exact boundary and property line measurements
  • Property corner locations marked with pins or stakes
  • Mapping of homes, garages, fences, driveways, and improvements
  • Easements and rights-of-way
  • Encroachments onto or from neighboring lots
  • Topographic and elevation data (if required)
  • Legal descriptions matching recorded documents

Land surveys are essential for buying and selling real estate, resolving disputes, planning construction, and ensuring zoning and permit compliance.

Why Land Surveys Matter in Real Estate

For Homeowners:

  • Confirm where property lines legally exist
  • Prevent boundary disputes with neighbors
  • Document land features and improvements
  • Verify that past work complies with setbacks and zoning

For Buyers & Sellers:

  • Reveal encroachments before closing
  • Ensure clear title and accurate land ownership
  • Support lender and insurance requirements
  • Help buyers evaluate expansion potential

For Builders & Contractors:

  • Locate legal build zones before construction
  • Verify setbacks, easements, and zoning constraints
  • Guide grading, drainage, and site planning

Types of Land Surveys

Many specialized land surveys exist depending on the purpose. Common types include:

Each survey serves a different purpose, from verifying boundaries to preparing land for development.

Why Land Surveys Matter for FSBO Sellers

Providing a survey can help FSBO sellers:

  • Confirm lot size and boundaries for buyers
  • Prevent disputes that could delay closing
  • Provide certainty about easements and improvements
  • Strengthen buyer confidence during due diligence

A clear survey can make your listing more attractive—especially to buyers planning construction or improvements.

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